Scientific and practical aspects of extremal situations development in environmental and socio-economic frames of Ukraine and the European Union

The theoretic fundamentals of the geography extremal situations as a new approach for environmental science and socio-economic investigations are disclosed. direction research named extreme is substantiated. formation operating mode in socio-ecological-economic systems (landscapes) that have destructive, unbalanced nature lead to imbalances their development explored. term «geography situations» introduced determine particular area geographical knowledge, which studies natural phenomena character fast imbalance. methodical approaches investigation extremeness level territory via example Ukraine European Union shown. In this was applied only specific features influence conditions on human activity. indicators disasters include amount pollutant emissions into atmosphere, discharge contaminated sewage surface water, degradation soil resources, reduction forest fund, species diversity flora fauna different indices such medical demographic, socioeconomic, engineering, physical-geographical others proposed.